In the present world, most things have been digitized, from online grocery to cryptocurrency, and this signifies the importance of software engineers, especially developers, as they design and develop programs. But the task of framing the program is not so easy, as it requires a team effort, coding skills, a strongly decentralized control version system, and others. Here, Git plays a crucial role as it enables the team members to work on a project simultaneously from anywhere around the world. So, if you want to dive into the ocean of coding and looking for a Git tutorial for beginners, then this article is for you.
Table of Contents
Git- At A Glance
If you are familiar with Version Control System (VCS), then it will be easier for you to understand the Git concept. However, if you are a newbie, then don’t worry, as here, every minute detail of VCS and Git is provided.
So, let’s begin with the Version Control System as it is the source code utility essential to manage the applications or programs, and Git is a software that works on the distributed VCS to monitor the change in the programs. Moreover, Git tracks the code changes and the associated person.
Difference between Git and GitHub
Git is a platform that enables developers to work together from anywhere around the world and allows them to see the history of the work done. However, the simple definition is GitHub; it is a virtual factory that prepares the tool for Git and is owned by Microsoft.
Version Control System
In the git tutorial for beginners course, you will find ample elements, including VCS, repository, git commands, and others. As we know, software with multiple versions is deployed on several sites, and there is a possibility of bugs. So to check all the versions at the same time by a single person is not possible, so Version Control System enables the developers to work together on a single platform in real-time.
Moreover, some team members work remotely, so there is a chance of overwriting files, but in VCS, the members can’t overwrite the changes done by the other. Also, it retains the history track so the developer can easily trace the codes.
The Version Control System is of two types, i.e., Centralized and Decentralized.
In the Centralized Version Control System, there is a central server that collects all the data and also enables the members to work together. But, if there is a server error, then teamwork will be hampered, and if the worst happens, i.e., the disk server gets corrupted, then the entire work will spoil, which means a loss of effort and time.
In the Decentralized Control Version System, there is a backup of the repository ( Data Structure that stores metadata), and if there is a case of a server breakdown, then there won’t be any data loss as the repository is copied back to the server. Git is a part of a decentralized version control system which means it does not depend upon the central server and enables you to do any code changes in the program even if you are offline.
Git Elements Which Are Commonly Used
Every program runs with a specific algorithm; for instance, if you create a new branch in Central Version Control, then as per the algorithm, it will copy all the codes, not the targeted one, and this is a serious drawback of CVCS. Moreover, alteration such as editing, deleting, and performing other tasks becomes very much difficult, but Git, which is a part of the Decentralized Version Control System gives you comprehensive access to play with the codes that work with certain elements, and the same is provided below.
Local Repository
What is a Git repository? Is the first question that triggers on the mind of the users as this term is commonly found in the git tutorial?
The repository stores data and also tracks the files within the program, which enables the developers to make the necessary changes efficiently. In CVCS, the developers work on the original copy, and the changes are saved in the repository. But in the case of Git, it creates a duplicate copy of the repository, and in this copy, the developer can perform many changes.
Binary Large Object (Blobs)
As we know, programs or applications have several versions, and each is symbolized as Blobs that retain the file data. When you perform the task in Git, you won’t find the file name as they are denoted by content address.
Staging
Staging is a term used in Git which gives the target files to the developers for modification, not all the files. For instance, if you modify files through CVCS, then you have to check out all the files associated with the repository, whereas, in Git, it fetches you the desired files to modify, not all, and the same is known as Staging.
Trees
It is also one of the elements of Git, which represents the directory and also holds the blobs and sub-directory of the files. You can learn it in the Git tutorial for beginners.
Branches
In an application, the features are quite important, and the branch is a section that enables the developers to create a new feature. Moreover, in a Git platform, you will get the master branch which will merge the sub-branches when the task is done. For instance, if you wish to add a feature to an application, and for that, you will have to create a branch, and once the task is done, then such a branch will be merged into the master branch, and this process will help you to delete a branch.
Clone
Working in the local repository is always recommended, and the cloned element of Git makes it happen. Clone is a process in which the entire repository is created (duplicate one) which helps the developers to do the experiment in the file.
Pull
Pull is an action of synchronization between the two repositories which means it will copy the changes made in the remote repository to a local one.
Push
Push action is the reverse of Pull, and in this process, the changes done in the local repository are copied into the remote one.
Working Method of Git- A comprehensive Guide & Git Basic Commands
Git works on a certain set of commands, and you must know about the same, its insertion, and many more. But before heading to that section, you will have to download and install Git. Earlier, only the Linux version was available, but with the demand for decentralized VCS, Git comes for other Operating Systems, including Windows and Mac.
Download and Install Git
If you are a Windows user, you will find Git in the form of Git bash, and the same is available on the official website of Git. On the off chance, if you are a Mac user, then you can go with the terminal section.
Once Git is installed on your computer, launch the same, and if it shows the version, like git version 2.3. or other, then you must be assured that the software is perfectly installed.
Now, it’s time to configure, and for that, you will have to provide your name and email address, and the example for the same is provided below.
git config –global user.name “ABC”
git config –global user.email “ABC@domain.com”
Start Git With Creating Directory
Once the above process is done, you can go with directory creation with the git commands. The example for the same is listed below.
mkdir project
On the off chance, if you want to change the directory, then you can go with the command; cd project.
Create Repository
As you have landed in the right directory, it’s time to create a repository, and the command is provided below.
git init
Initialized empty Git repository in /Users/user/project/.git/
Time to Add Files
You have successfully created the local repository, so now your next job is to add files. You can create the file using a text editor and then move the same to the created folder in Git.
List the Files
After creating the files, you must list the same using the command.
ls
index.html
Add files to the Local Repository.
You have created the files and also listed them, but you need to add the same in the local repository; here, the staging element will play a crucial role, and the git commands for the addition of the files are provided below.
git add index.html
On the off chance, if you want to add more files, then create them and add just like we said earlier or go with the command.
git add –all
Moreover, if you want to elaborate on the repository, then go with the command.
README.md
Now, if you want to change the style sheet, go with the command.
bluestyle.css
Git Commit
In the coding section of any program, it is quite essential to track the changes, and for that, Commit is used in Git. It is a zone that enables you to move back to find the bugs, and if there are no such bugs, you can move ahead from the same zone. Moreover, the commit always runs with the message, which helps you and the users to know the changes done in the program.
Command: git commit -m “Message.”
What is git rebase?
Git rebases the process of moving the existing commits to a new base commit to give clear visualization of the content. In short, the base of the branch is changed from one commit to another.
What is Git Checkout?
In git software, switching the branch from one to another in the repository is quite common, and the act of switching is commonly referred to as Git checkout. It works on three elements, i.e., files, commits, and branches. But while performing this task, you have to be extra attentive because there is no back door, which means you can’t move back, so the chances of error should be zero.
If you want to know more about git checkout commands and other git basic commands, then you must join a professional course, as there you will get comprehensive information on Git with ample commands.
Who Should Go With Git Tutorial?
This is the question that most users ask, but in general, those who are from an engineering background, especially software engineers, can easily go with it. However, the door is also open for the other engineering graduates, too, as the working process of Git is simple and easy to execute.
So, if you are planning to make your career in software development and looking for a git tutorial for beginners, then many firms are offering the professional Git course. And there, you will get comprehensive knowledge of Git and other tech & non-tech courses.
However, AttainU academy is also there to train you well for getting higher salary IT jobs in India. AttainU retains professional experts to shape your skills which will help you to achieve your goal efficiently. Here, you will find ample courses at minimal costs, such as College Foundation Course, Job Guaranteed Course, Master Class, and many more. Learn more about these courses on AttainU, Sign in for more information.
Moreover, the academy also gives personality development classes and prepares you for the interview so that you can easily get placement in a leading firm.
Conclusion
Git is the finest and most useful utility for developers as it smoothens the work and also enables members of a team to work on a single program altogether from anywhere in the world. So, if you want to learn more about Git, then rush to a reputable academy like AttainU, Udemy, Coursera, or others and grab the opportunity to start your career in coding. Read more blogs on AttainU such as job-oriented courses for mechanical engineers.